Our ‘Abdul the damned’ (1908)

"Our ‘Abdul the Damned’ offers a compelling glimpse into the satirical and political storytelling of early 20th-century art, masterfully created by Udo Keppler in 1908. This vibrant caricature portrays Abdul Hamid II, who was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1876 to 1909, emphasizing his controversial rule characterized by tyranny and oppression.In the painting, Abdul Hamid II is depicted with exaggerated features, emphasizing a sense of malevolence and cunning. He sits confidently, almost smugly, with one arm crossed over his chest, gazing directly at the viewer with a sinister expression. His attire and posture reflect his royal status, but they are stylized to enhance the satirical nature of the piece.The Sultan’s fez cap is labeled "Cannon," suggesting his reliance on military power to maintain control. This theme continues with the ominous figures flanking him, labeled "Panic" and "Cruelty," representing the tools of his oppressive governance. The use of these personified elements highlights the climate of fear and harshness that characterized his reign.Furthermore, Keppler incorporates an intriguing element with a hookah, whimsically labeled "Obstruction." This perhaps symbolizes Abdul Hamid II's manipulation of political processes to hinder any threats to his power, including suppression of the press and political dissent.With a background that softly melts into a misty, indistinct haze, Keppler focuses our attention squarely on the Sultan and his immediate surroundings, amplifying the impact of the image’s symbolism.