He Who Does Not Like Thee Will Defame Thee in Jest [Loyalty] (El Que No Te Ama, Burlando te Difama [La Lealtad]) (ca. 1813-1820)

Francisco de Goya, a master of the Romantic period known for his profound social commentary and striking use of imagery, presents a vivid depiction of human folly in his etching "He Who Does Not Like Thee Will Defame Thee in Jest [Loyalty]" (ca. 1813-1820). In this complex work, Goya explores themes of deception, betrayal, and the darker sides of human nature, encapsulated within the framework of a seemingly jovial scene.The scene unfolds with a group of figures engaged in apparent mirth and revelry. At first glance, the atmosphere is light-hearted, as characters are shown laughing and gesturing animatedly. However, a closer examination reveals undercurrents of mockery and disdain. One figure in the center is particularly exaggerated, with a grotesque smile, suggesting a sinister form of entertainment at the expense of others, a hallmark of Goya’s critical eye on societal norms.Goya uses the contrast of light and shadow expertly to highlight the intense expressions and actions of the figures. His technique enhances the dramatic effect and pulls the viewer into a space where the boundaries between jest and cruelty blur. This portrayal not only reflects Goya’s ability to capture the complexities of human interactions but also serves as a narrative on the consequences of disloyalty and the human propensity to harm others under the guise of humor."Loyalty" in the title may seem ironic in this context, inviting viewers to reflect on their own experiences and observations of loyalty and deceit.